Gardening From The Ground Up

 


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Collecting Vermicompost

Commercially available vermicompost systems will all have instructions on how to collect the vermicast and all may differ but if you have built your own system, your method may be different from any of them.

The one thing in common with all systems is that the vermicast will end up on the bottom.  This is because the worms will be constantly consuming uneaten food in their bedding and depositing their castings in it or just above it, eventually turning their entire bedding into pure vermicast.  In nature, this is how they contribute to the improvement of existing soil and build up topsoil.  Some castings will end up among the unfinished waste and on top directly under the cover but in general most will continue to build up in the region just under the fresh waste.  As the depth of the vermicast bedding increases and the bedding cools, the worms move upwards to where the temperature is raised by the action of the  microorganisms in the decomposing waste.  By the time you are ready to collect the finished vermicast, there will be few mature worms in it.

When to Collect the Vermicast

If you have chosen to let one system finish while starting another, it is time to start collecting vermicast when it has built to a depth that some can be removed while still leaving enough to serve as bedding.

In a new system this may take four to six months, but as the system establishes and the population of worms increases, it can be collected every month although there is no harm in leaving it longer and collecting more at a time.  By collecting the vermicast in this way, if your system is the right size for your needs, it will never fill up!

When adding your waste, as the system establishes, you will notice a pattern developing.  You fill the system, it drops, you fill it, it drops… and so on.  At first it seems it will never fill.  In a large system it is not unusual to see the level drop 10 inches almost overnight!  Part of the drop is because of compaction of the waste material. However, gradually the vermicast is building up and less and less room becomes available for fresh waste.  If you are going to finish one system and start another, it is time to do this when the system isn't dropping enough to make room for your new waste.

Collecting from the Bottom

A small to medium, lightweight system made from a circle of wire or a plastic bin can be lifted up to dig out the vermicast.  Let the system dry for two or three weeks beforehand so the vermicast will shrink away from the sides and make the job easier.  Then lift the sides and support them on bricks.  Shovel the bottom-most vermicast out and let the system 'drop' then drop the sides back down. Vermicast is light and granular so it is easy to remove.

A larger system should have a removable side or bottom panel and a grate.  The grate will support the weight of the unfinished compost while you dig out the vermicast with a wide shovel.  Drying the system for a few weeks beforehand will lighten the work but don't let it dry to a point where the worms are at risk.

In any system, always leave enough vermicast and cooled compost for bedding.

'Finishing' A System

Except for a large system with a grate, by far the easiest way to collect your vermicast is to let the first system finish while starting another one.  Having prepared your second system, push the fresh and partly eaten waste aside in your first system and remove the cooled 'live castings' from underneath to use as bedding for the new system.  This will contain all the worms you will need for a quick start.  All generations will be represented - eggs, hatchlings, juveniles and adults.  Spread the remaining food back over the old system, cover with some 'clean' waste such as grass clippings or shredded paper, replace your protective cover and leave for about six weeks.  In this time the remaining worms will have just about finished the food and they will all be near the top seeking more.  Simply remove the top layer where there is any uneaten food and put it in your new system.  This will further boost the worm population. What is left will be finished vermicast.  If your system is made from a circle of wire, simply undo the join and you will be left with a lovely 'cake' of vermicast.  If the system is light, completely lift the sides off to reveal your cake.  Otherwise, dig it out from your removable panel or side. Re-prepare this first system to be restarted from the second when that becomes full.

If you are not ready to use your vermicast right away, it can be stored in a heap and kept 'alive' by keeping it moist.  Worms will hatch in it but won't stay if there is no food value left.  Store it in a corner of the garden where any leaching will be of benefit to the soil.  Do not store in an airtight container as all the living organisms in it will die and produce a dreadful smell

02/01/2009
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